(4)/etc/host.conf 在系统中同时存在着DNS域名解析和/etc/hosts的主机表机制时,由文件/etc/host.conf来说明了解析器的查询顺序.范例文件如下:
#/etc/host.conf order hosts,bind #解析器查询顺序是文件/etc/hosts,然后是DNS multi on #允许主机拥有多个ip地址 nospoof on #禁止ip地址欺骗
3. DHCP的配置文件 /etc/dhcpd.conf是DHCPD的配置文件,我们可以通过在/etc/dhcpd.conf文件中的配置来实现在局域网中动态分配ip地址,一台linux主机设置为dhcpd服务器,通过鉴别网卡的MAC地址来动态的分配ip地址.范例文件如下:
option domain-name "chinapub.com"; use-host-decl-names off; subnet 210.27.48.0 netmask 255.255.255.192 { filename "/tmp/image"; host dial_server { hardware ethernet 00:02:b3:11:f2:30; fixed-address 210.27.48.8; filename "/tmp/image"; } }
在这个文件中,最主要的是通过设置的硬件地址来鉴别局域网中的主机,并分配给它指定的ip地址,hardware ethernet 00:02:b3:11:f2:30指定要动态分配ip的主机得网卡的MAC地址,fixed-address 210.27.48.8指定分配其ip地址。filename "/tmp/image"是通过tftp服务,主机所要得到的影像文件,可以通过得到的影像文件来引导主机启动。
4. 超级守候进程inetd的配置 在linux系统中有一个超级守候进程inetd,inetd监听由文件/etc/services指定的服务的端口,inetd根据网络连接请求,调用相应的服务进程来相应请求.在这里有两个文件十分重要,/etc/inetd.conf和/etc/services,文件/etc/services定义linu系统中所有服务的名称,协议类型,服务的端口等等信息,/etc/inetd.conf是inetd的配置文件,由它来指定那些服务可以由inetd来监听,以及相应的服务进程的调用命令.首先介绍一下/etc/services文件,/etc/services文件是一个服务名和服务端口对应的数据库文件,如下面所示: # /etc/services: # $Id: services,v 1.4 2000/01/23 21:03:36 notting Exp $ # # Network services, Internet style # # Note that it is presently the policy of IANA to assign a single well-known # port number for both TCP and UDP; hence, most entries here have two entries # even if the protocol doesn't support UDP operations. # Updated from RFC 1700, ``Assigned Numbers'' (October 1994). Not all ports # are included, only the more common ones. #名称 端口/协议 别名 注释 tcpmux 1/tcp # TCP port service multiplexer echo 7/tcp echo 7/udp discard 9/tcp sink null discard 9/udp sink null systat 11/tcp users daytime 13/tcp daytime 13/udp netstat 15/tcp qotd 17/tcp quote msp 18/tcp # message send protocol msp 18/udp # message send protocol chargen 19/tcp ttytst source chargen 19/udp ttytst source ftp-data 20/tcp ftp 21/tcp fsp 21/udp fspd ssh 22/tcp # SSH Remote Login Protocol ssh 22/udp # SSH Remote Login Protocol telnet 23/tcp # 24 - private smtp 25/tcp mail # 26 - unassigned time 37/tcp timserver time 37/udp timserver rlp 39/udp resource # resource location nameserver 42/tcp name # IEN 116 whois 43/tcp nicname re-mail-ck 50/tcp # Remote Mail Checking Protocol re-mail-ck 50/udp # Remote Mail Checking Protocol domain 53/tcp nameserver # name-domain server domain 53/udp nameserver mtp 57/tcp # deprecated bootps 67/tcp # BOOTP server bootps 67/udp bootpc 68/tcp # BOOTP client bootpc 68/udp tftp 69/udp gopher 70/tcp # Internet Gopher gopher 70/udp rje 77/tcp netrjs finger 79/tcp www 80/tcp http # WorldWideWeb HTTP www 80/udp # HyperText Transfer Protocol link 87/tcp ttylink kerberos 88/tcp kerberos5 krb5 # Kerberos v5 kerberos 88/udp kerberos5 krb5 # Kerberos v5 supdup 95/tcp # 100 - reserved hostnames 101/tcp hostname # usually from sri-nic iso-tsap 102/tcp tsap # part of ISODE. csnet-ns 105/tcp cso-ns # also used by CSO name server csnet-ns 105/udp cso-ns rtelnet 107/tcp # Remote Telnet rtelnet 107/udp
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